Bluetooth Spectrum Hopping
One of the advantages of Bluetooth, like 802.11, is that it uses frequency hopping and fast acknowledgment that result in enhancing the connection and isolating it against interference from other connections. Bluetooth is packet based and hops to a new frequency after each packet is received. This reduces interference while enhancing security. The data rates (with headers) are at least 1 Mbps, whereas full-duplex
transmission (in both directions simultaneously) is achieved by using time-division multiplexing. Bluetooth operates at 2.4 GHz (like 802.11b), which is the unlicensed portion of the ISM (industrial scientific medical) band. The frequency band is subdivided into 79 hops, 1 MHz apart. The 2.4-GHz band starts with 2.402 and ends with 2.470 (with narrower applications in foreign countries). The spread spectrum allows the data transmission to hop from one channel to the next in a pseudo-random manner. The idea is that by jumping randomly from one channel to another, it is difficult to eavesdrop on the transmission; this adds a much stronger layer of security. This means you may have as many as 1600 hops per second, and since the normal frequency range is 10 cm to 10 m this can be extended to as much as 100 meters when you increase the transmission power.
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